GETTING INTO GRAMMAR

(TENSES)

By Anggi Almira Rahma

A.   PAST

FORMS

1.   SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Simple past tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu lampau.

     Bentuk Nominal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Tobe (was,were)+O+Adv	You were a 3D modeller last week
-	S+Tobe+Not+O+Adv	I was not a 3D modeller last week
?	Tobe+S+O+Adv	Were you a 3D modeller last week?

    

     Bentuk Verbal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+V2 (ed)+O+Adv	I made a 3D character yesterday
-	S+Did+Not+V1+O+Adv	I didn’t make a 3D character yesterday
?	Did+S+V1+O+Adv	Did you make a 3D character yesterday?

2.   PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung pada waktu lampau ketika kejadian lain terjadi.

     Bentuk Nominal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Tobe (was,were)+Being+O+Adv	He was being an animation lecturer when he was 30 years old
-	S+Tobe+Not+being+O+Adv	He was not being an animation lecturer when he was 30 years old
?	Tobe (was,were+S+being+O+Adv	Was he being an animation lecturer when he is 30 years old?

    

     Bentuk Verbal

Form		Pattern	Example
+	S+Tobe (was,were)+V-ing+O+Adv		I was modeling 3D character in my house when my mother came
-	S+Tobe+Not+V-ing+O+Adv		I was not modeling  3D character in my house when my mother come
?	Tobe (was,were)+S+V-ing+O+Adv		Were you modeling 3D character in your house when your mother come?

3.   PAST PERFECT TENSE

Past perfect tense digunakan untuk menerangkan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sudah selesai dilakukan pada waktu lampau.

     Bentuk Nominal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Had+Been+O+Adv	They had been at Studio since morning
-	S+Had+Not+Been+O+Adv	You had not been a supervisor in infinite studio since 2006
?	Had+S+Been+O+Adv	Had you been at studio since morning?

    

     Bentuk Verbal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Had+V3+O+Adv	I had waited the render result last night for 4 hours, but suddenly there was a black out
-	S+Had+Not+V3+O+ADv	There was a black out last night, but fortunately I had not waited the render result last night
?	Had+S+V3+O+Adv	Had you waited the render result last nigt?

4.   PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau dan masih berlangsung terus hingga pada waktu yang lampau pula.

     Bentuk Nominal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Had+Been+Being+O+Adv	You had been being a storyboard artist since 2005
-	S+Had+Not+Been+Being+O+Adv	You had not been being a storyboard artist since 2005
?	Had+S+Been+Being+O+Adv	Had you been being a storyboard artist since 2005?

    

     Bentuk Verbal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Had+Been+V-ing+O+Adv	We had been studying digital painting for 6 months
-	S+Had+Not+Been+V-ing+O+Adv	We had not been studying digital painting for 6 months
?	Had+S+Been+V-ing++O+Adv	Had we been studying digital painting for 6 months?

B.   PRESENT FORMS

1.      SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Simple present tense adalah suatu bentuk kalimat yang menyatakan suatu bentuk perbuatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi pasda saat sekarang atau kejadian yang merupakan kebiasaan sehari-hari.

      Bentuk Nominal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+tobe (am, is, are)+O+Adv	I am an animator
-	S+tobe (am, is, are)+not+O+Adv	I am not an animator
?	Tobe+S+O/C	Are you an animator?

     

      Bentuk Verbal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+V1+O+Adv	I study about animation production every Friday
-	S+Do/Does+Not+V1+Adv	I don’t study about animation production every Friday
?	Do/Does+S+V1+O+Adv	Do you study about animation production every Friday?

2.   PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Present Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan      atau peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung dan belum selesai di waktu      sekarang.

     Bentuk Nominal:

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+tobe (am,is,are)+Being+O+Adv	She is being an animation major lecturer now
-	S+tobe (am,is,are)+not+Being+O+Adv	She is not being an animation major lecturer now
?	Tobe (am,is,are)+S+Being+O+Adv	Is she being an animation major lecturer now?

      Bentuk Verbal:

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Tobe (Is,am,are)+V-ing+O+Adv	They are making 2D animation now
-	S+Tobe (Is,am,are)+Not+V-ing+O+Adv	They are not making 2D animation now
?	Tobe (is,am,are)+S+V-ing+O+Adv	Are they making 2D animation now?

3.   PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Present perfect tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau      peristiwa yang telah selesai di waktu sekarang.

    

     Bentuk Nominal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Have/Has+Been+O+Adv	She has been an animation student in Polimedia for 1 year
-	S+Have/Has+Not+Been+O+Adv	She has not been an animation student in Polimedia for 1 year
?	Have/Has+S+Been+O+Adv	Has she been an animation student in Polimedia for 1 year?

    

     Bentuk Verbal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Have/Has+V3+O+Adv	They have finished their animation project since yesterday
-	S+Have/Has+Not+V3+O+Adv	They have not finished their animation project since yesterday
?	Have/Has+S+V3+O+Adv	Have they finished their animation project?

4.   PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Present Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu      perbuatan atau peristiwa yang dimulai dari waktu lampau dan masih terus     berlangsung hingga waktu sekarang.

     Bentuk Nominal :

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Have/Has+Been+Being+O+Adv	We have been being an animator for 1 year
-	S+Have/Has+Not+Been+Being+O+Adv	We have not been being an animator for 1 year
?	Have/Has+S+Been+Being+O+Adv	Have we been an animator for 1 year ?

     Bentuk Verbal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Have/Has+Been+V-ing+O+Adv.	We have been studying animation for 1 year
-	S+Have/Has+Not+Been+V-ing+O+Adv	We have not been studying animation for 1 year
?	Have/Has+S+Been+V-ing+O+Adv	Have you been studying animation for 1 year?

C.   FUTURE FORMS

1.   SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

Simple Future Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau      peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu yang datang.

     Bentuk Nominal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Will/Shall+Be+O+Adv	I will be a great animator next 10 years
-`	S+Will/Shall+Not+Be+O+Adv	He will not be a great animator next 10 years
?	Will/Shall+S+Be+O+Adv	Will he be a great animator next 10 years?

    

     Bentuk Verbal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Will/Shall+V1+O+Adv	I will do my drawing task tomorrow
-	S+Will/Shall+Not+V1+O+Adv	I will not do my drawing task tomorrow
?	Will/Shall+S+V1+O+Adv	Will you do your drawing task tomorrow?

2.   FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

Future Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau      peristiwa yang akan sedang berlangsung di waktu tertentu di masa yang akan     datang.

     Bentuk Nominal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Will/Shall+Be+Being+O+Adv	She will be being a digital painter
-	S+Will/Shall+Not+Be+Being+O+Adv	She will not be being a digital painter
?	Will/Shall+S+Be+Being+O+Adv	Will she be being a digital painter?

    

     Bentuk Verbal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Will/Shall+Be+V-ing+O+Adv	You will be doing your animation project, she may not comes to tour studio at 9 am tomorrow
-	S+Will/Shall+Not+Be+V-ing+O+Adv	You will not be doing your animation project, she may comes to tour studio at 9 am tomorrow
?	Will/Shall+S+Be+V-ing+O+Adv	Will you be doing your animation project at 9am tomorrow?

3.  FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Future Perfect Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau      peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau dan segera selesai pada      waktu yang akan datang.

     Bentuk Nominal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Will/Shall+Have+Been+O+Adv	He will have been a 3D modeler next month
-	S+Will/Shall+Not+Have+Been+O+Adv	He will not have been a 3D modeler next month
?	Will/Shall+S+Have+Been+O+Adv	Will have been a 3D modeler next month?

    

     Bentuk Verbal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Will?Shall+Have+V3+O+Adv	We will have finished our animation class at 4 pm tomorrow
-	S+Will/Shall+Not+Have+V3+O+Adv	We will not have finished our animation class at 4 pm tomorrow
?	Will/Shall+S+Have+V3+O+Adv	Will we have finished our animation class at 4 pm tomorrow?

4.   FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Future Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu      perbuatan atau peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau tetapi masih     ada kemungkinan dilanjutkan pada waktu yang akan datang.

     Bentuk Nominal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Will/Shall+Have+Been+being+O+Adv	You will have been being an animation lecturer for 2 years in 2014
-	S+Will/Shall+Not+Have+Been+being+O+Adv	You will not have been being an animation lecturer for 2 years in 2014
?	Will/Shall+S+Have+Been+being+O+Adv	will you have been being an animation lecturer for 2 years in 2014?

    

     Bentuk Verbal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Will/Shall+Have+Been+V-ing+O-Adv	You will have been drawing for 1 hour at 9 am tomorrow
-	S+Will/Shall+Not+Have+Been+V-ing+O+Adv	You will not have been drawing for 1 hour at 9 am tomorrow
?	Will/Shall+S+Have+Been+V-ing-O+Adv	will you have been drawing for 1 hour at 9 am tomorrow?

C.   PAST FUTURE FORMS

1.   SIMPLE PAST FUTURE TENSE

Past Future Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau      peristiwa yang akan terjadi pada waktu lampau.

     Bentuk Nominal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Would/Should+Be+O+Adv	They would be a success animator if they study hard
-	S+Would/Should+Not+Be+O+Adv	They would not be a success animator if they study hard
?	Would/Should+S+Be+O+Adv	would they be a success animator if they study hard?

    

     Bentuk Verbal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Would/Should+V1+O+Adv	I would read more animation books if I had enough spare time
-	S+Would/Should+Not+V1+O+Adv	I would not read more animation books if I had enough spare time
?	Would/Should+S+V1+O+Adv	Would you read more animation books if you had enough spare time?

2.   PAST FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu      perbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan sudah sedang berlangsung pada waktu lampau.

     Bentuk Nominal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Would/Should+Be+Being+O+Adv	He would be being a digital painter
-	S+Would/Should+Not+Be+Being+O+Adv	He would not be being a digital painter
?	Would/Should+S+Be+Being+O+Adv	would he be being a digital painter?

    

     Bentuk Verbal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Would/Should+Be+V-ing+O+Adv	I would be doing my digital painting task at 3 pm
-	S+Would/Should+Not+Be+V-ing+O+Adv	I would not be doing my digital painting task at 3 pm
?	Would/Should+S+Be+V-ing+O+Adv	Would you be doing your digital painting task at 3 pm?

3.   PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

     Past Future Perfect Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan      atau peristiwa yang akan sudah selesai pada waktu lampau atau menyatakan    pengandaian yang tidak mungkin terjadi karena syaratnya sudah pasti tidak akan terpenuhi.

     Bentuk Nominal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Would/Should+Have+Been+O+Adv	He would have been a modeler next year
-	S+Would/Should+Not+Have+Been+O+Adv	He would not have been a modeler next year
?	Would/Should+S+Have+Been+O+Adv	Would he have been a modeler next year?

    

     Bentuk Verbal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Would/Should+Have+V3+O+Adv	I would have finished my animation class at 4 pm tomorrow
-	S+Would/Should+Not+Have+V3+O+Adv	I would not have finished my animation class at 4 pm tomorrow
?	Would/Should+S+Have+V3+O+Adv	would you have finished your animation class at 4 pm tomorrow?

16. PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu      perbuatan atau peristiwa yang akan sedang berlangsung.

     Bentuk Nominal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Would/Should+Have+Been+Being+O+Adv	You would have been being an animation lecturer for 2 years in 2014
-	S+Would/Should+Have+Not+Been+Being+O+Adv	You would not have been being an animation lecturer for 2 years in 2014
?	Would/Should+S+Have+Been+Being+O+Adv	Would you have been being an animation lecturer for 2 years in 2014?

    

     Bentuk Verbal

Form	Pattern	Example
+	S+Would/Should+Have+Been+V-ing+O+Adv	When she decided to get married, she would have been working as a supervisor in Infinite Studio for 1 year
-	S+Would/Should+Not+Have+Been+V-ing+O+Adv	When she decided to get married, she would not have been working as a supervisor in Infinite Studio for 1 year
?	Would/Should+S+Have+Been+V-ing+O+Adv	When she decided to get married, would she have been working as a supervisor in Infinite Studio for 1 year?